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Biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression are needed to support the development of urgently needed disease modifying drugs. We employed a SOMAscan assay for quantifying 1,001 proteins in blood samples from 90 AD subjects, 37 stable mild cognitive impaired (MCI) subjects, 39 MCI subjects converting to AD within a year and 69 controls at baseline and one year follow up. We used linear mixed effects models to identify proteins changing significantly over one year with the rate of cognitive decline, which was quantified as the reduction in Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores. Additionally, we investigated proteins changing differently across disease groups and during the conversion from MCI to AD. We found that levels of proteins belonging to the complement cascade increase significantly in fast declining AD patients. Longitudinal changes in the complement cascade might be a surrogate biomarker for disease progression. We also found that members of the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway change during AD when compared to healthy aging subjects.

Original publication

DOI

10.3233/JAD-140669

Type

Journal article

Journal

J Alzheimers Dis

Publication Date

2016

Volume

49

Pages

1105 - 1114

Keywords

Alzheimer’s disease, cognitive decline, complement cascade, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, plasma proteins, Aged, Alzheimer Disease, Biomarkers, Cognition, Cognitive Dysfunction, Disease Progression, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Linear Models, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Mental Status Schedule, Neuropsychological Tests