Cookies on this website

We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you click 'Accept all cookies' we'll assume that you are happy to receive all cookies and you won't see this message again. If you click 'Reject all non-essential cookies' only necessary cookies providing core functionality such as security, network management, and accessibility will be enabled. Click 'Find out more' for information on how to change your cookie settings.

<jats:sec id="S000712501900014X_sec_a1"><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>Mental illnesses may explain vulnerability to develop extremist beliefs that can lead to violent protest and terrorism. Yet there is little evidence.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec id="S000712501900014X_sec_a2"><jats:title>Aims</jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the relationship between mental illnesses and extremist beliefs.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec id="S000712501900014X_sec_a3" sec-type="methods"><jats:title>Method</jats:title><jats:p>Population survey of 618 White British and Pakistani people in England. Extremism was assessed by an established measure of sympathies for violent protest and terrorism (SVPT). Respondents with any positive scores (showing sympathies) were compared with those with all negative scores. We calculated associations between extremist sympathies and ICD-10 diagnoses of depression and dysthymia, and symptoms of anxiety, personality difficulties, autism and post-traumatic stress. Also considered were demographics, life events, social assets, political engagement and criminal convictions.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec id="S000712501900014X_sec_a4" sec-type="results"><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>SVPT were more common in those with major depression with dysthymia (risk ratio 4.07, 95% CI 1.37–12.05, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = 0.01), symptoms of anxiety (risk ratio 1.09, 95% CI 1.03–1.15, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = 0.002) or post-traumatic stress (risk ratio 1.03, 95% CI 1.01–1.05, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = 0.003). At greater risk of SVPT were: young adults (&amp;lt;21 versus ≥21: risk ratio 3.05, 95% CI 1.31–7.06, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = 0.01), White British people (versus Pakistani people: risk ratio 2.24, 95% CI 1.25–4.02, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = 0.007) and those with criminal convictions (risk ratio 2.23, 95% CI 1.01–4.95, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = 0.048). No associations were found with life events, social assets and political engagement.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec id="S000712501900014X_sec_a5" sec-type="conclusion"><jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title><jats:p>Depression, dysthymia and symptoms of anxiety and post-traumatic stress are associated with extremist sympathies.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec id="S000712501900014X_sec_a6"><jats:title>Declaration of interest</jats:title><jats:p>K.B. is editor-in-chief of <jats:italic>British Journal of Psychiatry</jats:italic> but played no part in review and decision processes.</jats:p></jats:sec>

Original publication

DOI

10.1192/bjp.2019.14

Type

Journal article

Journal

The British Journal of Psychiatry

Publisher

Royal College of Psychiatrists

Publication Date

15/03/2019

Pages

1 - 8