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BACKGROUND: Several studies have established the efficacy of psychosocial interventions as adjuncts to pharmacotherapy in the symptom maintenance of bipolar disorder. This study concerned a new psychosocial approach - integrated family and individual therapy (IFIT) - that synthesizes family psychoeducational sessions with individual sessions of interpersonal and social rhythm therapy. METHOD: Shortly after an acute illness episode, 30 bipolar patients (DSM-IV criteria) were assigned to open treatment with IFIT (up to 50 weekly sessions of family and individual therapy) and mood-stabilizing medications in the context of a treatment development study. Their outcomes over 1 year were compared with the outcomes of 70 patients from a previous trial who received standard community care, consisting of 2 family educational sessions, mood-stabilizing medications, and crisis management (CM). Patients in both samples were evaluated as to symptomatic functioning at entry into the project and then every 3 months for 1 year. RESULTS: Patients in IFIT had longer survival intervals (time without relapsing) than patients in CM. They also showed greater reductions in depressive symptoms over 1 year of treatment relative to their baseline levels. The results could not be explained by group differences in baseline symptoms or pharmacologic treatment regimens. CONCLUSION: Combining family and individual therapy with medication may protect episodic bipolar patients from early relapse and ongoing depressive symptoms. Further examination of this integrative model within randomized controlled trials is warranted.

Type

Journal article

Journal

J Clin Psychiatry

Publication Date

02/2003

Volume

64

Pages

182 - 191

Keywords

Adult, Anticonvulsants, Antipsychotic Agents, Bipolar Disorder, Clinical Protocols, Cognitive Therapy, Combined Modality Therapy, Crisis Intervention, Family Therapy, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Hospitalization, Humans, Lithium, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychotherapy, Psychotherapy, Group, Secondary Prevention, Severity of Illness Index, Survival Analysis, Treatment Outcome