Ensemble-KAN: Leveraging Kolmogorov Arnold Networks to Discriminate Individuals with Psychiatric Disorders from Controls
De Franceschi G., Sampaio IW., Borgwardt S., Kambeitz J., Kambeitz-Ilankovic L., Meisenzahl E., Salokangas RKR., Upthegrove R., Wood SJ., Koutsouleris N., Brambilla P., Maggioni E.
Machine learning (ML) techniques are crucial for improving diagnostic accuracy in psychiatry using neuroimaging-based biomarkers. Deep learning models like Kolmogorov Arnold Networks (KANs) are particularly promising in this context but struggle with high-dimensional datasets. We propose the Ensemble-KAN (E-KAN) method to overcome these limitations, integrating multiple base learners. Our novel approach aims to advance classification especially when multiple sources of data are available. The E-KAN was tested against traditional ML models in discriminating recent-onset psychosis (ROP) or depression (ROD) from healthy controls using multimodal environmental and neuroimaging data and it underwent a rigorous ablation study to test its effectiveness. Results demonstrate enhanced performance over traditional ML models, highlighting the efficacy of E-KAN models in psychiatric diagnostics. Specifically, our E-KAN achieved an accuracy of 72.5%, outperforming single-KAN models and traditional ML algorithms. This study underscores the potential of E-KAN models in advancing psychiatric research and personalized medicine through improved diagnostic capabilities. The code is available at https://github.com/brainpolislab/E-KAN.