Dissociable auditory mismatch response and connectivity patterns in adolescents with schizophrenia and adolescents with bipolar disorder with psychosis: A magnetoencephalography study.
Braeutigam S., Dima D., Frangou S., James A.
BACKGROUND: There is overlap between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder regarding genetic risk as well as neuropsychological and structural brain deficits. Finding common and distinct event-response potential (ERP) responses and connectivity patterns may offer potential biomarkers to distinguish the disorders. OBJECTIVE: To examine the neuronal auditory response elicited by a roving mismatch negativity (MMN) paradigm using magnetoencephalography (MEG). PARTICIPANTS: 15 Adolescents with schizophrenia (ASZ), 16 adolescents with bipolar disorder with psychosis (ABP), and 14 typically developing individuals (TD) METHODS: The data were analysed using time-series techniques and dynamic causal modelling (DCM). OUTCOME MEASURES: MEG difference wave (deviant - standard) at primary auditory (~90ms), MMN (~180ms) and long latency (~300ms). RESULTS: The amplitude of difference wave showed specific patterns at all latencies. Most notably, it was significantly reduced ABP compared to both controls and ASZ at early latencies. In contrast, the amplitude was significantly reduced in ASZ compared to both controls and ABP. The DCM analysis showed differential connectivity patterns in all three groups. Most notably, inter-hemispheric connections were strongly dominated by the right side in ASZ only. CONCLUSIONS: Dissociable patterns of the primary auditory response and MMN response indicate possible developmentally sensitive, but separate biomarkers for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.