Alan Stein
Emeritus Professor of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
My main area of research concerns the development of very young children and adolescents in the face of adversity. The ultimate aim of this work is to develop interventions to enhance children’s early development and support their families. Our group is interested in a range of adversities which might potentially affect children’s development including parental physical illness (cancer and HIV), psychological disorders including depression, anxiety and eating disorders, as well as poverty and malnutrition.
A key aspect of this work is to elucidate the mechanisms by which early child development is affected. Ultimately the development of appropriate interventions together with our partners is our priority. We are strongly committed to the training of medical students, young doctors and other healthcare professionals and social scientists in these areas of work.
My work has been published in range of scientific journals such as The Lancet, JAMA, and Nature, and has also been referenced in top media outlets like the BBC, The New York Times, and the Wall Street Journal. I have led three Lancet series.
Main Research Interests:
- Child Development in Adversity; a Global Context
- Perinatal Mental Health
- Communication with Children about Life Threatening Conditions
- Impact of Infectious Diseases (HIV/ADIS, COVID-19) on Communities and Families
- Adolescent Mental Health
Biographical sketch
Alan Stein received his medical training at the University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. Most of his postgraduate medical training was undertaken in Oxford and in 1988 he was awarded a Wellcome Trust Lectureship in the University of Oxford. From 1991 to 1994 he held joint Senior Research Fellowships at the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge and in 1995 was appointed Professor of Child & Adolescent Mental Health at the Royal Free and University College Medical School and the Tavistock Centre. In 2001 he returned to Oxford to take up the Chair in Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. He is also holds an Honorary Professorship in the School of Public Health, University of Witwatersrand, South Africa and is an Honarary Fellow of the Child, Youth, Family and Social Development Programme of the HSRC in South Africa.
Key publications
Association between fetal abdominal growth trajectories, maternal metabolite signatures early in pregnancy, and childhood growth and adiposity: prospective observational multinational INTERBIO-21st fetal study.
Journal article
Villar J. et al, (2022), Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 10, 710 - 719
Effects of early-life poverty on health and human capital in children and adolescents: analyses of national surveys and birth cohort studies in LMICs.
Journal article
Victora CG. et al, (2022), Lancet, 399, 1741 - 1752
Communication with children and adolescents about the diagnosis of their own life-threatening condition.
Journal article
Stein A. et al, (2019), Lancet, 393, 1150 - 1163
Mitigating the effect of persistent postnatal depression on child outcomes through an intervention to treat depression and improve parenting: a randomised controlled trial.
Journal article
Stein A. et al, (2018), Lancet Psychiatry, 5, 134 - 144
The Amagugu intervention for disclosure of maternal HIV to uninfected primary school-aged children in South Africa: a randomised controlled trial.
Journal article
Rochat TJ. et al, (2017), Lancet HIV, 4, e566 - e576
Exclusive Breastfeeding and Cognition, Executive Function, and Behavioural Disorders in Primary School-Aged Children in Rural South Africa: A Cohort Analysis.
Journal article
Rochat TJ. et al, (2016), PLoS Med, 13
A focus on adolescence to reduce neurological, mental health and substance-use disability.
Journal article
Davidson LL. et al, (2015), Nature, 527, S161 - S166
No health without perinatal mental health.
Journal article
Howard LM. et al, (2014), Lancet, 384, 1723 - 1724
Effects of perinatal mental disorders on the fetus and child.
Journal article
Stein A. et al, (2014), Lancet, 384, 1800 - 1819
Young children's probability of dying before and after their mother's death: a rural South African population-based surveillance study.
Journal article
Clark SJ. et al, (2013), PLoS Med, 10
Mental health of displaced and refugee children resettled in low-income and middle-income countries: risk and protective factors.
Journal article
Reed RV. et al, (2012), Lancet, 379, 250 - 265
Recent publications
Maternal and paternal depressive symptoms from pregnancy to late childhood in a UK-birth cohort: Reciprocal and bidirectional effects.
Journal article
Culpin I. et al, (2026), J Affect Disord, 397
Peer Mentor Training and Supervision for a Digital Adolescent Depression Treatment in South Africa and Uganda: A Mixed-Methods Evaluation
Journal article
STEIN A. et al, (2026), JMIR Mental Health
A six-country pre-post evaluation of the UNICEF “Caring for the Caregiver” intervention on mental health, social support and parenting stress
Journal article
STEIN A. et al, (2026), The Lancet Global Health
Normative growth trajectories of fetal brain regions validated by satisfactory maturation of neurodevelopmental domains at 2 years of age.
Journal article
Wyburd MK. et al, (2026), Nat Commun
A Behavioral Activation Digital Intervention Incorporating Gamification and Peer Support for Adolescent Depression in Rural South Africa: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (the DoBAt Study).
Journal article
Moffett B. et al, (2025), JAACAP Open, 3, 1270 - 1283
Impaired Fetal Brain Growth and Neurodevelopmental Deficits at Two Years: Deep Phenotyping of Maternal–Fetal Pathophysiology
Journal article
STEIN A. et al, (2025), Gynaecology and Women’s Health
Small for gestational age subgroups have differential morbidity, growth, and neurodevelopment at age 2: the INTERBIO-21st Newborn Study.
Journal article
Papageorghiou AT. et al, (2025), Am J Obstet Gynecol, 233, 496.e1 - 496.e16
Paternal postnatal depression and child development at age 7 years in a UK-birth cohort: the mediating roles of paternal parenting confidence, warmth, and conflict.
Journal article
Culpin I. et al, (2025), Front Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 4
Digital mental health interventions for adolescents and young people (10-24 years) in Africa: A protocol for a systematic review of mental health outcomes, engagement, and equity considerations.
Journal article
Mokaya AG. et al, (2025), Wellcome Open Res, 10
A Narrative-Gamified Mental Health App (Kuamsha) for Adolescents in Uganda: Mixed Methods Feasibility and Acceptability Study.
Journal article
R Pozuelo J. et al, (2024), JMIR Serious Games, 12
Global development assistance for early childhood care and education in 134 low- and middle-income countries, 2007-2021.
Journal article
Luan Y. et al, (2024), BMJ Glob Health, 9
Comparison of Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and Hospital Anxiety and Depression - Depression subscale scores by administration mode: An individual participant data differential item functioning meta-analysis.
Journal article
Harel D. et al, (2024), J Affect Disord, 361, 674 - 683
Study protocol: perinatal mood treatment study.
Journal article
Wolitzky-Taylor K. et al, (2024), Trials, 25
Protocol of a cost-effectiveness analysis of a combined intervention for depression and parenting compared with enhanced standard of care for perinatally depressed, HIV-positive women and their infants in rural South Africa.
Journal article
Christian CS. et al, (2024), BMJ Open, 14
Adaptation and feasibility of WHO PM+ for adolescents living with HIV in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa: an implementation feasibility study protocol.
Journal article
Wambua GN. et al, (2024), BMJ Open, 14
The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on postnatal anxiety and posttraumatic stress: Analysis of two population-based national maternity surveys in England.
Journal article
Harrison S. et al, (2024), J Affect Disord, 356, 122 - 136
Factors associated with posttraumatic stress and anxiety among the parents of babies admitted to neonatal care: a systematic review.
Journal article
Malouf R. et al, (2024), BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 24
Global Development Assistance for Early Childhood Care and Education in 134 Low- and Middle-Income Countries, 2007-2021
Preprint
Luan Y. et al, (2024)
Associations between paternal PTSD or depression, adolescent mental health, and family functioning: A cross-sectional study of UK military families
Journal article
STEIN A., (2024), Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health
User-Centered Design of a Gamified Mental Health App for Adolescents in Sub-Saharan Africa: Multicycle Usability Testing Study.
Journal article
Pozuelo JR. et al, (2023), JMIR Form Res, 7
The adolescent HIV executive function and drumming (AHEAD) study, a feasibility trial of a group drumming intervention amongst adolescents with HIV.
Journal article
Rowe K. et al, (2023), AIDS Care, 35, 1796 - 1814
Family play, reading, and other stimulation and early childhood development in five low-and-middle-income countries.
Journal article
Cuartas J. et al, (2023), Dev Sci, 26
Intimate partner violence victimisation and its association with maternal parenting (the 2015 Pelotas [Brazil] Birth Cohort): a prospective cohort study.
Journal article
Coll CVN. et al, (2023), Lancet Glob Health, 11, e1393 - e1401
Association between maternal haemoglobin concentrations and maternal and neonatal outcomes: the prospective, observational, multinational, INTERBIO-21st fetal study.
Journal article
Ohuma EO. et al, (2023), Lancet Haematol, 10, e756 - e766
Assessing household financial burdens for preprimary education and associated socioeconomic inequalities: a case study in China.
Journal article
Wei Y. et al, (2023), BMJ Paediatr Open, 7
Prevalence and risk factors for postnatal mental health problems in mothers of infants admitted to neonatal care: analysis of two population-based surveys in England.
Journal article
Gong J. et al, (2023), BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 23
The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on postnatal depression: analysis of three population-based national maternity surveys in England (2014-2020).
Journal article
Harrison S. et al, (2023), Lancet Reg Health Eur, 30
Maternal postnatal depressive symptoms and offspring emotional and behavioral development at age 7 years in a U.K. birth cohort: The role of paternal involvement.
Journal article
Culpin I. et al, (2023), Dev Psychol, 59, 770 - 785
Individual participant data meta-analysis to compare EPDS accuracy to detect major depression with and without the self-harm item.
Journal article
Qiu X. et al, (2023), Sci Rep, 13
Child and Maternal Mental Health Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Longitudinal Social Inequalities in a Brazilian Birth Cohort.
Journal article
Murray J. et al, (2023), J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 62, 344 - 357
Partnerships at the Interface of Education and Mental Health Services: The Utilisation and Acceptability of the Provision of Specialist Liaison and Teacher Skills Training.
Journal article
Fazel M. et al, (2023), Int J Environ Res Public Health, 20
Exploring the experiences of healthcare professionals in South Africa and Uganda around communicating with children about life-threatening conditions: a workshop-based qualitative study to inform the adaptation of communication frameworks for use in these settings.
Journal article
Rapa E. et al, (2023), BMJ Open, 13
Obstacles and facilitators to communicating with children about their parents' mental illness: a qualitative study in a sub-district of Mpumalanga, South Africa.
Journal article
Dean L. et al, (2023), BMC Psychiatry, 23
Investigating the Role of Friendship Interventions on the Mental Health Outcomes of Adolescents: A Scoping Review of Range and a Systematic Review of Effectiveness.
Journal article
Manchanda T. et al, (2023), Int J Environ Res Public Health, 20
Early-life stature, preschool cognitive development, schooling attainment, and cognitive functioning in adulthood: a prospective study in four birth cohorts.
Journal article
Stein AD. et al, (2023), Lancet Glob Health, 11, e95 - e104
Contrasting speed and accuracy approaches to measure executive functions in three low-and middle-income countries.
Journal article
Wray C. et al, (2023), PLoS One, 18
Video-feedback intervention with mothers with postnatal eating disorders and their infants
Chapter
Woolley H. et al, (2023), 111 - 138
Investigating the role of friendship interventions on the mental health outcomes of adolescents: a scoping review of range and a systematic review of effectiveness
Conference paper
Manchanda T. et al, (2023), Population Medicine, 5, 314 - 314
Recognizing Early Childhood Education as a Human Right in International Law
Journal article
Fredman S. et al, (2022), Human Rights Law Review, 22
Association between fetal abdominal growth trajectories, maternal metabolite signatures early in pregnancy, and childhood growth and adiposity: prospective observational multinational INTERBIO-21st fetal study.
Journal article
Villar J. et al, (2022), Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 10, 710 - 719
Assessing the prevalence of young children living in households prepared for COVID-19 in 56 low- and middle-income countries.
Journal article
Lu C. et al, (2022), Glob Health Res Policy, 7
Effects of early-life poverty on health and human capital in children and adolescents: analyses of national surveys and birth cohort studies in LMICs.
Journal article
Victora CG. et al, (2022), Lancet, 399, 1741 - 1752
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: Depressive Symptoms and Risky Behaviors Among Adolescents in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.
Journal article
Pozuelo JR. et al, (2022), J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 61, 255 - 276
Prevalence of anxiety and post-traumatic stress (PTS) among the parents of babies admitted to neonatal units: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Journal article
Malouf R. et al, (2022), EClinicalMedicine, 43
Maternal postnatal depression and offspring depression at age 24 years in a UK-birth cohort: The mediating role of maternal nurturing behaviours concerning feeding, crying and sleeping
Journal article
Culpin I. et al, (2022), Wellcome Open Research, 6
An evaluation of a combined psychological and parenting intervention for HIV-positive women depressed in the perinatal period, to enhance child development and reduce maternal depression: study protocol for the Insika Yomama cluster randomised controlled trial.
Journal article
Rochat TJ. et al, (2021), Trials, 22
Validation of Oxford Cognitive Screen: Executive Function (OCS-EF), a tablet-based executive function assessment tool amongst adolescent females in rural South Africa.
Journal article
Rowe K. et al, (2021), Int J Psychol, 56, 895 - 907
Measuring and forecasting progress in education: what about early childhood?
Journal article
Richter LM. et al, (2021), NPJ Sci Learn, 6
Global estimates of the implications of COVID-19-related preprimary school closures for children's instructional access, development, learning, and economic wellbeing.
Journal article
McCoy DC. et al, (2021), Child Dev, 92, e883 - e899
Data-driven methods distort optimal cutoffs and accuracy estimates of depression screening tools: a simulation study using individual participant data.
Journal article
Bhandari PM. et al, (2021), J Clin Epidemiol, 137, 137 - 147
Patterns of Growth in Childhood in Relation to Adult Schooling Attainment and Intelligence Quotient in 6 Birth Cohorts in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Evidence from the Consortium of Health-Oriented Research in Transitioning Societies (COHORTS).
Journal article
Poveda NE. et al, (2021), J Nutr, 151, 2342 - 2352
Executive function in HIV-affected children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analyses.
Journal article
Rowe K. et al, (2021), AIDS Care, 33, 833 - 857
A Brief Home-Based Parenting Intervention to Reduce Behavior Problems in Young Children: A Pragmatic Randomized Clinical Trial.
Journal article
O'Farrelly C. et al, (2021), JAMA Pediatr, 175, 567 - 576
A video-feedback parenting intervention to prevent enduring behaviour problems in at-risk children aged 12-36 months: the Healthy Start, Happy Start RCT.
Journal article
O'Farrelly C. et al, (2021), Health Technol Assess, 25, 1 - 84
Association Between Preterm-Birth Phenotypes and Differential Morbidity, Growth, and Neurodevelopment at Age 2 Years: Results From the INTERBIO-21st Newborn Study.
Journal article
Villar J. et al, (2021), JAMA Pediatr, 175, 483 - 493
The relationship between executive function, risky behaviour and HIV in young women from the HPTN 068 study in rural South Africa.
Journal article
Rowe K. et al, (2021), AIDS Care, 33, 682 - 692
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety and depression symptoms of young people in the global south: evidence from a four-country cohort study.
Journal article
Porter C. et al, (2021), BMJ Open, 11
Shortening the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale using optimal test assembly methods: Development of the EPDS-Dep-5.
Journal article
Harel D. et al, (2021), Acta Psychiatr Scand, 143, 348 - 362
Fetal cranial growth trajectories are associated with growth and neurodevelopment at 2 years of age: INTERBIO-21st Fetal Study.
Journal article
Villar J. et al, (2021), Nat Med, 27, 647 - 652
